Data have moved to the centre of social and economic relations. They do not only describe the world, they also make it.

Data and markets, 2014–

One strand of my research looks at how the datafication of social interactions rewrites sociality and creates new market architectures. It began with social media as data platforms — “Encoding the Everyday” (in Big Data Is Not a Monolith, MIT Press, 2016, with Jannis Kallinikos), “Computing the Everyday” (The Information Society, 2017, with Jannis Kallinikos; Academy of Management Best Paper runner-up), “Social Media and the Infrastructuring of Sociality” (Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 2019, with Jannis Kallinikos) — and moved to platform ecosystems with “Platforms as Service Ecosystems” (Journal of Information Technology, 2020, with Jannis Kallinikos and Erika Valderrama; JIT Best Paper runner-up). That work reached regulators and industry: a study of the Facebook ecosystem (2021–2022; “The Role of Boundary Resources in Ecosystem Innovation”, SSRN, 2022); expert roles at the Digital Markets Competition Forum and the Platform Economy and Regulation Monitor while the Digital Markets Act was being finalised; and two contributions to that debate — “Digital Platforms Regulation: An Innovation-Centric View of the EU’s Digital Markets Act” (Journal of European Competition Law & Practice, 2023, with Carmelo Cennamo, Tobias Kretschmer, Panos Constantinides and Juan Santaló) and the white paper “The Digital Markets Act: Regulating Market Openness or Ecosystem Functioning?” (SDA Bocconi, 2023, with Carmelo Cennamo).

Data and organisations, 2018–

Data are the product of organisational decision-making, but they also shape what organisations see and how they can act on their environment. In this strand I ask what data are and how they are made, treating them as cognitive and organisational artifacts. “Objects, Metrics and Practices: An Inquiry into Programmatic Advertising” (IFIP 8.2, Springer, 2018, with Jannis Kallinikos); “The Making of Data Commodities” (Journal of Management Information Systems, 2021, with Aleksi Aaltonen and Jannis Kallinikos); “From People to Objects: The Digital Transformation of Fields” (Organization Studies, 2022); “What Is Missing from Research on Data in Information Systems?” (Communications of the AIS, 2023, with Aleksi Aaltonen, Elena Parmiggiani, Marta Stelmaszak, Sirkka L. Jarvenpaa, Jannis Kallinikos and Eric Monteiro). The two Organization Studies papers were selected for the journal’s virtual special issue on calculative practices, Why and How Counting Counts.

Data and AI, 2024–

Another strand looks at how AI restructures what data can represent and what we can know. I study machine learning, language models, agentic systems and biometric identity. “AI at Work: Automation, Distributed Cognition, and Cultural Embeddedness” (Tecnoscienza, 2024, with Matteo Pasquinelli and Alessandro Gandini); the editorial “Theorizing Data and AI” (European Journal of Information Systems, forthcoming, with Jannis Kallinikos, Lauren Waardenburg and Youngjin Yoo); “Governance by Design: Architecting Agentic AI for Organizational Learning and Scalable Autonomy” (arXiv, 2026, with Nelly Dux, Philippe Roussière and Abhishek Kumar Mishra).